What characterizes a disaster requiring second order change in a healthcare system?

A disaster that requires second order change in a healthcare system is characterized by revolutionary and episodic change. This type of change is substantial, often transformative, and requires new systems, processes, and behaviors to be implemented in response to the significant impact of the disaster. Unlike first order changes that may involve minor adjustments or incremental improvements, second order changes are radical and require a shift in the underlying structures and strategies of the organization.

In the context of a disaster, such as a natural catastrophe or a sudden public health crisis, the existing protocols may prove inadequate, necessitating a reevaluation and overhaul of practices within the healthcare system. This type of change often emerges from the need to adapt to unforeseen challenges that cannot be adequately managed by maintaining the status quo or making superficial adjustments.

Thus, the emphasis on revolutionary and episodic change highlights the urgency and depth of response necessary in complex and large-scale emergencies, making this concept central to effective disaster planning and response strategies in healthcare.